Why the Annapurna Circuit is Nepal's golden child

Few trails in the world hold the same great status as the Annapurna Circuit. We describe it as Nepal’s “golden child.” This trek helped shape the country’s reputation as the ultimate destination for high-altitude adventure. Encircling the massive Annapurna range, the route reveals a constantly changing world, from humid river valleys to snow-swept passes, and from busy villages to remote mountain settlements.

Stretching across these dramatic landscapes, the circuit offers unparalleled views of towering peaks, including Annapurna II, III, IV, the South Face, and Gangapurna. Along the way, it passes through historic regions such as Manang and Mustang, where centuries-old traditions and Tibetan Buddhist culture remain deeply alive. Recognised as one of the world’s best long-distance treks, the Annapurna Circuit has earned its iconic status for combining natural grandeur, cultural richness, and a high-altitude challenge.

First opened to trekkers in the late 70s, the Annapurna Circuit quickly became Nepal’s most celebrated trek. Its diversity, accessibility, and careful balance between challenge and comfort have made it a benchmark for what a truly remarkable Himalayan journey should be. If you would like to learn more, schedule a call with our team we will be happy to assist.

Trekker walking down lush terraces on the Annapurna Circuit.

Learn more: 10 tips for trekking the Annapurna Circuit

The Annapurna Circuit is a study in contrasts. The trek begins in the subtropical lowlands of Lamjung, where terraced rice fields, bamboo groves, and tropical forests dominate the scenery. Gradually, the trail rises through the Marsyangdi River Valley, offering glimpses of Annapurna II (7,937 m) and Annapurna III (7,555 m). These peaks become constant companions, their icy ridges shimmering in the sun.

As the trail climbs higher, vegetation thins, giving way to alpine meadows, rugged cliffs, and snow-dusted valleys. By the time trekkers reach Manang, the landscape is stark and dramatic, a high desert dominated by rock, moraine, and glaciers. The Himalayas appear closer here than anywhere else on the circuit, with Gangapurna (7,455 m) reflected in icy glacial lakes.

Descending toward Mustang, trekkers enter a wind-sculpted desert of ochre cliffs and narrow canyons. The barren beauty contrasts sharply with the lushness of the lower valleys, creating one of the most beautiful trekking experiences in the world.

Trekkers take on the Annapurna Circuit.

Learn more: How much does it cost to trek the Annapurna Circuit?

Two regions define the cultural heartbeat of the Annapurna Circuit: Manang and Mustang. Both offer a rare glimpse into high-altitude life, where centuries-old traditions continue alongside breathtaking Himalayan landscapes.

Manang, sitting at around 3,540 m (11,614 ft), is the last permanent settlement before Thorong La Pass. Beyond being a hub for acclimatisation with its cafés, lodges, and small shops, its charm lies in its Tibetan-influenced architecture and ancient traditions. Mani walls, chortens, and monasteries line the trails, while locals continue yak herding, barley farming, and traditional crafts. Side hikes to Gangapurna Glacier or Ice Lake provide both acclimatisation and breathtaking mountain scenery. As trekkers ascend from lush valleys to higher elevations, the landscape shifts dramatically from forests to barren, rocky terrain, offering a sense of Nepal’s high-altitude diversity.

Further north, Mustang feels like another world. Often called the “Forbidden Kingdom,” it is arid and remote, with red sandstone cliffs, hidden monasteries, and ancient cave dwellings. The sacred town of Muktinath is a highlight, attracting pilgrims from both Hindu and Buddhist traditions. Trekking through Mustang offers a rare glimpse into a culture that has remained largely unchanged for centuries, framed by wide-open views and sparse vegetation.

Ranipauwa village in the Mustang District.

Both regions owe their dryness to a natural phenomenon called the rain shadow. Moist air loses most of its moisture as it rises over the southern Himalayas, leaving Manang and Mustang with only 200–300 mm of annual rainfall. The result is an arid, plateau-like landscape reminiscent of Tibet, often above 3,500 m (11,500 ft), where rock formations and open vistas dominate.

Together, Manang and Mustang provide a compelling cultural counterpoint to the trek’s natural spectacles. They showcase a delicate balance between human history, tradition, and the beauty of the high Himalayas, making the Annapurna Circuit a journey of both geography and humanity.

Horses grazing on a pasture beside the river Marsyangdi at Letdar Village in Manang.

Learn more: Annapurna circuit length: Distance, duration and what to expect

One of the most compelling reasons the Annapurna Circuit is celebrated worldwide is the sheer presence of its peaks. These mountains are more than static backdrops; they shape the trails, influence the weather, and define the trekking experience itself. From dawn to dusk, sunlight and shadows shift across their faces, creating a daily spectacle that never fails to inspire.

Three hikers sit on a ridge at Thorong High Camp, gazing down at the expansive Annapurna Range.

The Annapurna range itself spans over 48 kilometres (30 miles) and includes some of the world’s highest peaks. It features Annapurna I (8,091 m), the 10th highest mountain globally, notorious for its difficulty and deadly reputation, along with thirteen other peaks above 7,000 m and sixteen above 6,000 m. Each mountain has its unique character:

The Annapurna II (7,937 m, 26,040 ft) dominates the skyline around Chame and Manang, its steep ridges glistening with ice and snow, earning it the nickname the “Bride of Annapurna.” Nearby, Annapurna III (7,555 m, 24,787 ft) and Gangapurna (7,455 m, 24,459 ft) rise together, forming an imposing wall above the valley that signals the majesty and scale of the Himalayas. Annapurna IV (7,525 m, 24,688 feet ), slightly hidden from view along some side trails, reveals itself in fleeting glimpses, rewarding trekkers with moments of discovery.

The Annapurna South Face is a dramatic vertical wall that captivates both climbers and trekkers, visible from several high viewpoints along the circuit. While trekkers don’t climb it, its sheer scale and icy slopes dominate the skyline, creating a dramatic backdrop for the journey. Sunlight and shadows shift across its ridges throughout the day, offering ever-changing views that remind you of the Himalayas’ raw power and grandeur.

South face of Annapurna.

The first successful ascent of the Annapurna South Face was achieved by a British expedition led by Chris Bonington in 1970. Since then, the face has drawn elite climbers seeking to push the limits of high-altitude mountaineering. Notable solo ascents include Tomaz Humar in 2007 and Ueli Steck in 2013, who established a new route and completed it in a record-breaking 28 hours.

The table below highlights the most prominent summits visible along the trek, giving a glimpse into the scale and beauty that make the Annapurna range legendary.

For trekkers, the full Annapurna Circuit loop offers hundreds of miles of breathtaking views, from Hiunchuli and Gangapurna to Annapurnas II through IV and Machhapuchhre. The shorter Annapurna Sanctuary trek immerses hikers right into the heart of the range, where towering peaks surround every step, creating an awe-inspiring Himalayan theatre that lingers in memory long after the trek ends.

Two of the Annapurna Circuit’s most legendary features are Thorong La Pass and the Kali Gandaki Gorge, representing the trek’s extreme high and low points.

Thorong La Pass (5,416 m / 17,769 ft) is the highest point on the circuit. Crossing it demands careful acclimatisation, steady pacing, and good physical fitness. The pass offers sweeping panoramas of Annapurna II, Gangapurna, Tilicho Peak, and the surrounding Himalayan peaks, making the challenging ascent richly rewarding.

A couple standing between prayer flags at the top of Thorong La Pass.

From Thorong La Pass, the trail descends sharply into the Kali Gandaki Gorge, recognised as the world’s deepest gorge. Here, vertical cliffs rise several thousand metres on either side, dwarfing the villages perched along the riverbanks. The descent is steep and physically demanding, but it also provides dramatic perspectives of the Himalayas’ geological grandeur and a lasting sense of scale. The gorge also follows the Kali Gandaki River, which has historically served as a trade route and cultural corridor between the high Mustang region and lower valleys.

Kagbeni, a remote Himalayan village perched along the Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal.

Beyond the main trail, the Annapurna Circuit offers several hidden gems that enrich the trekking experience. Tilicho Lake, sitting at 4,919 m (16,138 ft) beneath Annapurna IV, is one of the highest lakes in the world. Accessible via a challenging side trail from Khangsar or Manang, the trek to Tilicho takes one to two days round-trip. Trekkers are rewarded with alpine meadows, glaciers, and dramatic cliffs, culminating in the serene turquoise waters of the lake, framed by towering peaks.

Trekker squatting on the rock in front of Tilicho Lake.

Near Manang, the Braga Monastery provides a glimpse into the region’s spiritual life. This atmospheric monastery, over 400 years old, features traditional Tibetan-style architecture and vibrant murals depicting Buddhist deities and stories. A short detour from the main trail allows trekkers to explore the monastery, interact with monks, and enjoy sweeping views of the surrounding mountains and Manang valley.

Old Buddhist Monastery in Braga.

Scattered along side trails, numerous panoramic viewpoints reveal some of the most breathtaking perspectives of the Annapurna range. From Ngawal, Gyaru, or the base of Annapurna South Face, trekkers can witness the dramatic shifting light across snowfields, glaciers, and ridges. These detours offer quiet reflection, photography opportunities, and closer encounters with the grandeur of peaks like Gangapurna and Tilicho Peak. These hidden treasures provide a richer experience of the Annapurna Circuit, allowing trekkers to venture off the main route, immerse themselves in local culture, and engage more intimately with the Himalayas’ diverse landscapes.

Learn more: Can I trek the Annapurna Circuit without a guide? (And why we recommend you don’t)

Trekking the Annapurna Circuit is an unforgettable experience, but careful planning makes the journey safer and more rewarding. From managing altitude to choosing the right gear, these practical tips will help you get the most out of your Himalayan adventure.

- Timing: The ideal trekking windows are March–May (spring) and September–November (autumn). During these months, the weather is generally stable, the skies are clear, and the views of the Annapurna peaks are at their best.

- Acclimatisation: Spend at least one full day in Manang before attempting Thorong La Pass (5,416 m / 17,769 ft). This helps your body adjust to the altitude and reduces the risk of altitude sickness.

- Gear: Layered clothing is essential to adapt to fluctuating temperatures, along with high-quality trekking boots, trekking poles, a warm sleeping bag, and sun protection. Proper gear ensures comfort and safety across the range of terrains and elevations.

- Permits: Before starting the trek, obtain the Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP) and a TIMS card (Trekkers’ Information Management System). These are mandatory for entry and help support local conservation efforts. But if you book with an operator like Follow Alice, there is no need for you to worry about this.

- Hydration and nutrition: Carry water purification tablets or a reliable filter, and make use of local teahouses for meals and snacks. Eating well and staying hydrated is crucial for maintaining energy at high altitudes.

-Side Trips: Consider optional detours to Ice Lake, Tilicho Lake, or Gangapurna viewpoints. These side hikes provide panoramic views and allow trekkers to explore quieter corners of the region beyond the main circuit.

Local culture: Respect local customs and traditions, especially in Manang and Mustang. Observe prayer flags, visit monasteries with care, and be mindful of the cultural significance of sites along the trail.

Prayer flags flutter against the dramatic backdrop of the Annapurna massif.

The Annapurna Circuit weaves together breathtaking landscapes, rich culture, and high-altitude trekking. Along the way, you’ll pass through rice terraces and pine forests, cross rushing rivers on suspension bridges, and climb rugged passes that open onto the Himalayan vistas. Villages along the trail showcase centuries-old traditions, from yak herding and barley farming to elaborately decorated monasteries and vibrant local festivals.

Follow Alice curates each itinerary to balance challenge with comfort. Our expert guides know the trails like the back of their hand, offering insights into local history, customs, and the intricacies of Himalayan life. Our Annapurna Circuit experience allows trekkers to move beyond simply covering ground. You’ll have time to connect with the people, landscapes, and stories that make this region unique.

Book your Annapurna adventure with Follow Alice and experience why this circuit remains not only the crown jewel of Nepal trekking but also one of the world’s most rewarding long-distance treks.